[[Gunman]]

Retiro mi duda
ya lo tengo!

procedure GetFileIcon(ImageList: TImageList; ListItem: TListItem; Name: String;
   IconSize: TIconSize);
 var
   FInfo: TSHFileInfo;
   ImageListHandle: THandle;
 begin
   if IconSize = isLarge then
   ImageListHandle := SHGetFileInfo(PAnsiChar(Name),0,FInfo,SizeOf(TSHFileInfo),
   SHGFI_LARGEICON or SHGFI_SYSICONINDEX or SHGFI_USEFILEATTRIBUTES)
   else
   ImageListHandle := SHGetFileInfo(PAnsiChar(Name),0,FInfo,SizeOf(TSHFileInfo),
   SHGFI_SMALLICON or SHGFI_SYSICONINDEX or SHGFI_USEFILEATTRIBUTES);
 
   SendMessage(ListItem.Owner.Owner.Handle, LVM_SETIMAGELIST, LVSIL_SMALL, ImageListHandle);
 
   SendMessage(ListItem.Owner.Owner.Handle, LVM_SETIMAGELIST, LVSIL_NORMAL, ImageListHandle);
 
   ListItem.ImageIndex := FInfo.iIcon;
 end;
 
 procedure TForm1.Button1Click(Sender: TObject);
 begin
   ListView1.Items.Add.Caption := Edit1.Text;
   GetFileIcon(ImageList1,ListView1.Items.Item[ListView1.Items.Count-1],Edit1.Text,isSmall);
 end;

Este es el código, funciona!